Improvement of high-quality evaluation criteria of Chinese patent medicines based on whole process control / 中国中药杂志

Chinese patent medicines(CPMs) are unique therapeutic drugs in China. Establishing and improving the evaluation criteria is an important measure to promote the high-quality development of CPMs. Based on the "evaluation criteria of high-grade CPMs with quality as the core index" established by our group in 2018, the "high-quality evaluation criteria for CPMs based on whole process control" was proposed in the present study in 2022. The scope of application and basic principles of the new criteria were clarified. A quality evaluation scoring table was established in the new criteria, including five parts: raw material selection, production process, quality control, efficacy evaluation, and brand building. The technical evaluation indexes involved have increased from 20% in the original criteria to 70% in the new criteria, and efficacy evaluation has been added in the new criteria. The subjective evaluation indicators account for a large proportion in the original criteria, which is prone to bias. The improved criteria overcome this shortcoming. It is expected that the new criteria as a basis can play a better role in the selection of high-quality products of CPMs, guide enterprises and institutions to participate actively in the evaluation and research of high-quality CPMs, and promote the high-quality development of CPMs.

Modified Procedures for ALPPS Based on a Risk-Reduced Strategy: Paralleled Clinical Evaluation at Multiple Institutions

Purpose@#We compared the clinical outcomes of modified procedures for associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) based on a risk-reduced strategy with those of classic ALPPS procedures in treating large liver carcinoma. @*Materials and Methods@#Short-term outcomes, increases in future liver remnant (FLR) and functional FLR (FFLR), and overall survival (OS) were compared between 45 consecutive patients treated with modified ALPPS procedures and 34 patients treated with classic ALPPS procedures. @*Results@#Clinical outcomes after the 1st-stage operation markedly improved with the modified procedures. Although the proportions of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma were higher in the modified group, the mortality and incidence of severe complications did not increase. FLR and FFLR hypertrophy at 1 week after the 1st-stage operation were similar in both groups; however, kinetic growth rates in the modified group were lower. OS rates were similar. @*Conclusion@#Modified ALPPS procedures could be safely applied to provide long-term survival for patients with liver cirrhosis without sufficient FLR.

Modified Procedures for ALPPS Based on a Risk-Reduced Strategy: Paralleled Clinical Evaluation at Multiple Institutions

Purpose@#We compared the clinical outcomes of modified procedures for associating liver partition and portal vein ligation for staged hepatectomy (ALPPS) based on a risk-reduced strategy with those of classic ALPPS procedures in treating large liver carcinoma. @*Materials and Methods@#Short-term outcomes, increases in future liver remnant (FLR) and functional FLR (FFLR), and overall survival (OS) were compared between 45 consecutive patients treated with modified ALPPS procedures and 34 patients treated with classic ALPPS procedures. @*Results@#Clinical outcomes after the 1st-stage operation markedly improved with the modified procedures. Although the proportions of liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma were higher in the modified group, the mortality and incidence of severe complications did not increase. FLR and FFLR hypertrophy at 1 week after the 1st-stage operation were similar in both groups; however, kinetic growth rates in the modified group were lower. OS rates were similar. @*Conclusion@#Modified ALPPS procedures could be safely applied to provide long-term survival for patients with liver cirrhosis without sufficient FLR.

CircularRNA_0119872 regulates the microRNA-582-3p/E2F transcription factor 3 pathway to promote the progression of malignant melanoma

OBJECTIVES: Malignant melanoma (MM) is an invasive tumor that poses a threat to patient health. Circular RNAs (circRNAs) are important regulators of MM carcinogenesis. In this study, we investigated the expression characteristics and biological functions of, and mechanism underlying, circ_0119872 expression in MM. METHODS: Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was employed to examine the circ_0119872, microRNA (miR)-582-3p, and E2F transcription factor 3 (E2F3) mRNA expression levels in MM tissues and cell lines. Western blotting was performed to quantify E2F3 protein expression. MM cells with circ_0119872 knockdown were established, and cell counting kit 8 (CCK-8) and transwell assays were utilized to examine the function of circ_0119872 and its effects on the malignant characteristics of MM cells. The MiRDB and TargetScan databases were used to predict the target genes of miR-582-3p. Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis was used to explore the biological functions of the target genes of miR-582-3p. Additionally, a dual-luciferase reporter gene experiment was performed to verify the targeting relationship between circ_0119872 and miR-582-3p as well as that between miR-582-3p and E2F3. RESULTS: Circ_0119872 was remarkably upregulated in MM tissues and cell lines. Circ_0119872 knockdown suppressed the cell proliferation and metastasis In addition, miR-582-3p was identified as a downstream target of circ_0119872. The target genes of miR-193a-3p are involved in melanogenesis and cancer-related signaling pathways. Mechanistically, circ_0119872 facilitated MM progression by adsorbing miR-582-3p and upregulating E2F3 expression. CONCLUSION: Circ_0119872 is an oncogenic circRNA that participates in the promotion of MM progression by regulating the miR-582-3p/E2F3 axis.

Biosynthetic L-tert-leucine using Escherichia coli co-expressing a novel NADH-dependent leucine dehydrogenase and a formate dehydrogenase

BACKGROUND: L-tert-Leucine has been widely used in pharmaceutical, chemical, and other industries as a vital chiral intermediate. Compared with chemical methods, enzymatic methods to produce L-tert-leucine have unparalleled advantages. Previously, we found a novel leucine dehydrogenase from the halophilic thermophile Laceyella sacchari (LsLeuDH) that showed good thermostability and great potential for the synthesis of L-tertleucine in the preliminary study. Hence, we manage to use the LsLeuDH coupling with a formate dehydrogenase from Candida boidinii (CbFDH) in the biosynthesis of L-tert-leucine through reductive amination in the present study. RESULT: The double-plasmid recombinant strain exhibited higher conversion than the single-plasmid recombinant strain when resting cells cultivated in shake flask for 22 h were used. Under the optimized conditions, the double-plasmid recombinant E. coli BL21 (pETDute-FDH-LDH, pACYCDute-FDH) transformed 1 mol·L-1 trimethylpyruvate (TMP) completely into L-tert-leucine with greater than 99.9% ee within 8 h. CONCLUSIONS: The LsLeuDH showed great ability to biosynthesize L-tert-leucine. In addition, it provided a new option for the biosynthesis of L-tert-leucine.

Silencing of circular RNA ANRIL attenuates oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation-induced injury in human brain microvascular endothelial cells by sponging miR-622

BACKGROUND: Circular RNA (circRNA) is highly expressed in the brain tissue, but its molecular mechanism in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion remains unclear. Here, we explored the role and underlying mechanisms of circRNA antisense non-coding RNA in the INK4 locus (circ_ANRIL) in oxygen-glucose deprivation and reoxygenation (OGD/R)-induced cell injury. RESULTS: The expression of circ_ANRIL in OGD/R-induced human brain microvascular endothelial cells (HBMECs) was significantly up-regulated, while that of miR-622 was significantly down-regulated. Overexpression of circ_ANRIL significantly inhibited the proliferation of OGD/R-induced HBMECs and aggravated OGD/R-induced cell apoptosis. Moreover, circ_ANRIL overexpression further increased the secretion of interleukin (IL)-1ß, IL-6, tumor necrosis factor-a, and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 in OGD/R-treated HBMECs. The results of bioinformatics analysis and luciferase reporter assay indicated that circ_ANRIL served as an miR-622 sponge to negatively regulate the expression of miR-622 in OGD/R-treated HBMECs. Additionally, circ_ANRIL silencing exerted anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory effects by positively regulating the expression of miR-622. Furthermore, inhibition of OGD/R-induced activation of the nuclear factor (NF)-kB pathway by circ_ANRIL silencing was significantly reversed by treatment with miR-622 inhibitor. CONCLUSIONS: Knockdown of circ_ANRIL improved OGD/R-induced cell damage, apoptosis, and inflammatory responses by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway through sponging miR-622.

Epidemiological characteristics of imported COVID-19 cases from abroad to Zhejiang Province / 预防医学

Objective@#To learn the epidemiological characteristics of imported coronavirus disease 2019（COVID-19）cases from abroad to Zhejiang Province reported from March 1 to April 7,2020,so as to provide basis for improving the prevention and control of COVID-19 imported epidemic. @*Methods@# The imported COVID-19 cases and related local cases reported in Zhejiang Province from March 1 to April 7 were extracted from the National Diseases Prevention and Control Information System and were checked with the epidemiological investigation reports. A descriptive analysis was adopted for the epidemiological characteristics of imported COVID-19 cases,including time,spatial and population distribution,clinical classification,country of origin and contact history of related local cases. @*Results@#The first imported COVID-19 case was reported on March 1. By April 7,totally 91 imported cases were reported,including 48（52.75%）confirmed cases and 43（47.25%）asymptomatic cases. In terms of clinical classification,there were 32（66.67%）ordinary cases and 16（33.33%）mild cases;no severe,critical or dead cases were reported. The symptoms of 41 confirmed cases came out after entry. The median time between entry and onset was 3 days,and the intervals of 4 cases were 14 days or over. All the 11 cities in Zhejiang Province had imported cases,among which Lishui and Wenzhou reported 24（26.37%）and 21（23.08%）cases. Of all the imported cases,81（89.01%）aged from 10 to 49 years;31（34.07%）were overseas students,21（23.08%）were business people and 19（20.88%）were catering staff;69（75.82%） came from European countries such as Italy,UK and Spain. In addition,a local case on the same flight with a imported case was reported on March 26. @*Conclusions @#The imported COVID-19 cases of Zhejiang Province were relatively young,most were asymptomatic or ordinary cases. They were mainly overseas students,business people and catering staff,from European countries such as Italy,UK and Spain,to Lishui and Wenzhou. Strict control measures should be done in entry quarantine,transfer and isolation to prevent local transmission caused by imported cases.

Analysis of clinical diagnosis and treatment of 64 cases of small intestinal stromal tumor / 重庆医学

Objective To investigate small intestinal stromal tumors(SIST) of the clinical features,risk factors,diagnosis and treatment methods,and prognosis.Methods A retrospective analysis of clinical data and follow-up data of 56 SIST patients who had been confirmed by our department from December 2012 to August 2016.Results Of the 64 patients with SIST,45 were proximal small intestine (70.3％)and 19 were the distal small intestine (29.7 ％).The clinical manifestation of SIST is not typical,the first symptoms were digestive tract hemorrhage in 30 cases (46.9％),abdominal pain in 18 cases (28.1％),abdominal mass in 8 cases (12.5％),abdominal distention in 5 cases (7.8％),nausea and vomiting in 3 cases (4.7％).The detection rate of spiral CT for SIST was 98.2％ and the diagnostic coincidence rate of spiral CT for SIST was 57.9％,which was the highest in all the examinations.The postoperative pathological findings of 64 patients with SIST showed:8 cases of very low risk (12.5％),22 cases of low risk (34.4％),3 cases of moderate risk (4.7％) and 31 cases of high risk (48.4 ％％).There were differences in tumor diameter,mitotic figures,tumor risk and Ki-67 positive rate between the proximal and distal SIST(P＜0.05).The proximal SIST are less than equal to 5cm in diameter,and mitotic index less than equal to 5/50 high power field (HPF).The positive rate of Ki-67 in the proximal SIST is lower than that in the distal SIST.Tumor diameter,tumor nucleus mitotic counts,imatinib therapy and risk factors were correlated with SIST recurrence.Conclusion Gastrointestinal bleeding is the most common clinical manifestation of SIST and the incidence of proximal SIST is higher than that of distal SIST.Among the various methods of examination,spiral CT is the most effective means of inspection.The malignancy of the distal SIST is higher than that of the proximal SIST,and the distal SIST is more likely to relapse and metastasisthan the proximalSIST.

Phased Expression of Gene and Protein of NogoA and NgR in Rats with Spinal Cord Injury and Time Window of Electroacupuncture / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective To investigate the phased expression of gene and protein of NogoA and its receptor (NgR) that affects axon growth of spinal cord injury (SCI), and to explore the time window effect of electroacupuncture on SCI rats. Methods A total of 144 female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned to sham operation group (group A, n=48) and model group (n=96). In the model group, Allen's method was used to establish SCI rats model, and they were further subdivided into model control group (group B, n=48) and electroacupuncture group (group C, n=48). Group C received electroacupuncture on Dazhui (GV14), Yaoyangguan (GV3), bilateral Ciliao (BL32) and Zu-sanli (ST36) with loose-tight wave, for 20 minutes every day, one day, seven days and 14 days after modeling. The rats at every interventional therapy time were randomly subdivided into two subgroups, which accepted sev-en or 14 days of treatment. Groups A and B were killed and the injured spinal cord tissue was extracted one day, three days, seven days, 14 days and 28 days after modeling, group C at the corresponding time. The hind limb motor function was assessed with BBB score before all of rats were killed. Four samples at every time in each group were randomly selected to detect the expression of mRNA and protein of NogoA and NgR at different stage of SCI using reverse transcription real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) and Western blotting. Results The BBB score began to increase 14 days after modeling, and significantly increased until 28 days after model-ing (P<0.05), compared with one day, three days and seven days after modeling in group B. The BBB score in-creased in group C than in group B at all the time points (P<0.05), except 14 days after electroacupuncture one day after modeling. The BBB score was higher as electroacupuncture intervening seven days and 14 days after modeling than that at one day after modeling in group C, and no significant difference was found between seven days and 14 days of treatment at either electroacupuncture time point (P>0.05). The expression of gene and pro-tein of NogoA and NgR in group B was in the increasing tendency after SCI, and was at the peak until 21 days af-ter modeling, and was higher in group B than in group A at each time point (P<0.01). The expression of gene and protein of NogoA decreased at all the time points in group C than in group B (P<0.05), except seven days of elec-troacupuncture intervening one day after modeling in the expression of NogoA mRNA (P>0.05). The expression of gene and protein of NogoA and NgR was lower as electroacupuncture intervening 14 days after modeling than one day after modeling in group C (P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the expression of gene and protein of NogoA and NgR between electroacupuncture intervening 14 days and seven days after modeling, and seven days and one day after modeling (P>0.05); as well as between seven days and 14 days of treatment at each time point (P>0.05). Conclusion Elerctroacupuncture could improve the hind limb motor function, which may associate with the inhibition of the expression of gene and protein of NogoA and NgR in injured spinal cord of rats after SCI. Elerctroacu-puncture is effective in the treatment of SCI at the early time, however, it is much better in the recovery stage.

Analysis of clinical efficacy and safety of docetaxel or irinotecan combined with oxaliplatin and S-1 in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer / 重庆医学

Objective To observe the clinical efficiency and safety of docetaxel(TXT) or irinotecan(CPT-11) combined with oxaliplatin(L-OHP) and S-1 in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer.Methods Totally 62 cases of patients with stage Ⅲ B-Ⅳ advanced gastric cancer in the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery of our hospital were collected from 1st January 2010 to 1st March 2016,and were divided into two groups:TXT combined with L-OHP and S-1 group (modified DCF group,33 patients) and CPT-11 combined with L-OHP and S-1 group (modified ICF group,29 patients).All patients in the two groups were completed at least 1 cycle of chemotherapy until disease progression or intolerable toxicity.At the end of chemotherapy,the curative effects,untoward reactions and effects of surgery after neoadjuvant chemotherapy treatment were compared and analyzed.Results The objective response rate (ORR) in the modified DCF group(60.6％) was higher than that in the modified ICF group (51.7％),while no statistically significant difference was found in short-term effects between the two groups (Z=-0.837,P=0.403).There was no statistically significant difference in the incidences of main untoward reactions,including gastrointestinal reaction,myelosuppression,neurotoxicity,alopecia and liver function abnormal,between the two groups (P＞0.05).The radical resection rate of the modified DCF group and the modified ICF group after neoadjuvant chemotherapy was 66.7 ％ and 62.1 ％ respectively,the difference between the two groups was not statistically significant (x2=0.143,P=0.706).After neoadjuvant chemotherapy,the main postoperative complications were anastomotic leakage,anastomotic obstruction,abdominal infection,pulmonary infection,incision infection and gastric motility disorder,and no statistically significant difference was found in the incidence of postoperative complications between the two groups (P＞0.05).The was no statistically significant difference in quality of life after chemotherapy between the two groups (P＞0.05).Conclusion TXT or CPT-11 combined with L-OHP and S-1 has similar efficacy in the treatment of advanced gastric cancer,which could reduce tumour size,improve radical resection rate.Furthermore,untoward reactions of the two neoadjuvant chemotherapy protocols are almost the same,and can be tolerated.It is worthy of further research and application.

Participation of social capital in health information construction: foreign experiences and domestic status quo and strategies / 中华医学图书情报杂志

After the connotation and necessity of social capital participating in health information construction were analyzed, the principal foreign experiences, and domestic status quo and problems of social capital participating in health information construction were described and the following development strategies were put forward for the par-ticipation of social capital in health information construction, namely the key points for the participation of social capital in health information construction, smooth and effective management mechanisms, standard management systems and information security management systems, comprehensive and practical assessment and monitoring sys-tems, encouragement of the participation of social capital in health information construction.

Participation of social capital in health information construction: foreign experiences and domestic status quo and strategies / 中华医学图书情报杂志

After the connotation and necessity of social capital participating in health information construction were analyzed, the principal foreign experiences, and domestic status quo and problems of social capital participating in health information construction were described and the following development strategies were put forward for the par-ticipation of social capital in health information construction, namely the key points for the participation of social capital in health information construction, smooth and effective management mechanisms, standard management systems and information security management systems, comprehensive and practical assessment and monitoring sys-tems, encouragement of the participation of social capital in health information construction.

Laparoscopic gastroesophageal junction cancer lymphadenectomy / 中华普通外科杂志

Objective To analyze laparoscopic lymphadenectomy and the safety of gastrectomy for gastroesophageal junction cancer.Methods From Jan 2011 to Dec 2012 72 gastroesophageal junction cancer patients were enrolled, including 46 patients in laparoscopic group, and 26 in open surgery group.Results There was no significant difference in the numgbers of lymph node dissection between the two groups and nor difference in the number of positive lymph node dissection.Esophagus resection length in open group was (2.0 ± 1.0) cm, while that was (3.0 ± 0.8) cm in laparoscopic group (t =0.471, P ＜ 0.001).5 (19％)patients in open group had positive margins compared to six in laparoscopic group (13％), x2 =0.491, P =0.483.7 patients in the open group underwent thoracoabdominal resection, while in laparoscopic group 3 patients did, x2 =5.781, P =0.016.Laparoscopic splenic hilar lymphnodes dissection harvested more lymph nodes (t =0.260, P =0.011).Laparoscopic gastrectomy used less operation time (t =0.237, P =0.021) experinced less blood loss (t =0.451, P ＜ 0.01) than open group.There was no difference in major complications between the two groups.Conclusions Laparoscopic splenic hilar lymphnodes dissection in gastroesophageal junction cancer surgery is superior to open surgery, with more lymph nodes harvested, longer esophageal cutting distances, lower incidence of thoracoabdominal surgery, shorter operation time, and less blood loss.

Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene 2350 G/A polymorphism and susceptibility to atrial fibrillation in Han Chinese patients with essential hypertension

OBJECTIVE: The angiotensin-converting enzyme gene is one of the most studied candidate genes related to atrial fibrillation. Among the polymorphisms of the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene, the 2350 G/A polymorphism (rs4343) is known to have the most significant effects on the plasma angiotensin-converting enzyme concentration. The aim of the present study was to investigate the association of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2350 G/A polymorphism with atrial fibrillation in Han Chinese patients with essential hypertension. METHODS: A total of 169 hypertensive patients were eligible for this study. Patients with atrial fibrillation (n = 75) were allocated to the atrial fibrillation group, and 94 subjects without atrial fibrillation were allocated to the control group. The PCR-based restriction fragment length polymorphism technique was used to assess the genotype frequencies. RESULTS: The distributions of the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2350 G/A genotypes (GG, GA, and AA, respectively) were 40.43%, 41.49%, and 18.08% in the controls and 18.67%, 46.67%, and 34.66% in the atrial fibrillation subjects (p = 0.037). The frequency of the A allele in the atrial fibrillation group was significantly greater than in the control group (58.00% vs. 38.83%, p = 0.0007). Compared with the wild-type GG genotype, the GA and AA genotypes had an increased risk for atrial fibrillation. Additionally, atrial fibrillation patients with the AA genotype had greater left atrial dimensions than the patients with the GG or GA genotypes (p<0.01 and p<0.05, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The results obtained in this study indicate that the angiotensin-converting enzyme 2350 G/A polymorphism is associated with atrial fibrillation and that the A allele shows an increased risk for atrial fibrillation in Han Chinese patients with essential hypertension. .

Remarkably reduced expression of FoxO3a in metaplastic colorectum, primary colorectal cancer and liver metastasis / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The forkhead family members of transcription factors (FoxOs) are expected to be potential cancer-related drug targets and thus are being extremely studied recently. In the present study, FoxO3a, one major member of this family, was identified to be down-regulated in colorectal cancer through micro-array analysis, which was confirmed by RT-PCR and Western blot in 28 patients. Moreover, immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed that the expression levels of FoxO3a were remarkably reduced in 99 cases of primary colorectal cancer, liver metastasis, and even in metaplastic colorectal tissue. IHC also revealed an exclusion of FoxO3a from the nucleus of most cells of tumor-associated tissues. Silencing FoxO3a by siRNA led to elevation of G2-M phase cells. We conclude that the downregulation of FoxO3a may greatly contribute to tumor development, and thus FoxO3a may represent a novel therapeutic target in colorectal cancer.

Remarkably reduced expression of FoxO3a in metaplastic colorectum, primary colorectal cancer and liver metastasis / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

The forkhead family members of transcription factors (FoxOs) are expected to be potential cancer-related drug targets and thus are being extremely studied recently. In the present study, FoxO3a, one major member of this family, was identified to be down-regulated in colorectal cancer through micro-array analysis, which was confirmed by RT-PCR and Western blot in 28 patients. Moreover, immunohistochemistry (IHC) showed that the expression levels of FoxO3a were remarkably reduced in 99 cases of primary colorectal cancer, liver metastasis, and even in metaplastic colorectal tissue. IHC also revealed an exclusion of FoxO3a from the nucleus of most cells of tumor-associated tissues. Silencing FoxO3a by siRNA led to elevation of G2-M phase cells. We conclude that the downregulation of FoxO3a may greatly contribute to tumor development, and thus FoxO3a may represent a novel therapeutic target in colorectal cancer.

Evaluation of the post-effect of acupuncture at Sanyinjiao (SP 6) under sleep deprivation by resting-state amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation: a fMRI study / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To discuss the central modulating mechanism of Sanyinjiao (SP 6) and the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuation (ALFF) differences of the functional brain regions between SP 6 and sham acupoint.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixteen volunteers accepted right Sanyinjiao (SP 6) (SP 6 group) or right sham (sham group) acupuncture for two times after 24 h sleep deprivation (SD), there was two weeks between two acupunctures. The needle was retained for 4 minutes and the brain fMRI scanning was performed by 3.0 TMR every time. The ALFF consequent data was processed by REST. One-sample t-test and two-pair t-test were performed by SPM5.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>SP 6 group mainly caused ALFF change in inferior parietal lobule, posterior cingulated while sham group in precuneus, posterior cingulated. SP 6 group increased ALFF in left fusiform temporal gyrus, medial frontal gyrus with no decreased regions compared with sham group.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Retaining needle dose influence the activity of the brain region during resting-state in both group, especially the mood-related regions. And its mechanism is probably that the relevant effect is carried out by regulating function to target organs of complex brain network comprised of relevant functional center and related brain region. There are differences between SP 6 and Sham acupoint.</p>

DNA damage response in resting and proliferating peripheral blood lymphocytes treated by camptothecin or X-ray / 华中科技大学学报（医学）（英德文版）

DNA damage response (DDR) in different cell cycle status of human peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and the role of H2AX in DDR were investigated. The PBLs were stimulated into cell cycle with phytohemagglutinin (PHA). The apoptotic ratio and the phosphorylation H2AX (S139) were flow cytometrically measured in resting and proliferating PBLs after treatment with camptothecin (CPT) or X-ray. The expressions of γH2AX, Bcl-2, caspase-3 and caspase-9 were detected by Western blotting. DDR in 293T cells was detected after H2AX was silenced by RNAi method. Our results showed that DNA double strand breaks (DSBs) were both induced in quiescent and proliferating PBLs after CPT or X-ray treatment. The phosphorylation of H2AX and apoptosis were more sensitive in proliferating PBLs compared with quiescent lymphocytes (P<0.05). The expression levels of anti-apoptotic proteins Bcl-2 were reduced and cleaved caspase-3 and caspase-9 were increased. No significant changes were observed in CPT-induced apoptosis in 293T cells between H2AX knocking down group and controls. It was concluded that proliferating PBLs were more vulnerable to DNA damage compared to non-stimulated lymphocytes and had higher apoptosis rates. γH2AX may only serve as a marker of DNA damage but exert no effect on apoptosis regulation.

Extraction of lobetyolin from codonopsis with supercritical CO2 / 中国中药杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To develop a green and rapid method for extraction of lobetyolin from C. pilosula.</p><p><b>METHOD</b>Extraction of lobetyolin from C. pilosula with supercritical carbon dioxide in the presence of ethanol was studied. The effects of pressure, temperature, volume of cosolvent and extraction time on efficiency and their interactive relationships were discussed, based on central composite design and response surface methodology (RSM).</p><p><b>RESULT</b>The key effect factor was volume of cosolvent. The extraction yield of lobetyolin was 0.078 6 mg x g(-1) when C. pilosula (40-60 mesh) was extracted at 30 MPa, 60 degrees C and 2 L x min(-1) (as CO2 in normal pressure and temperature) for 100 minutes with supercritical CO2 and 1 mL x min(-1) ethanol as dynamic cosolvent.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>This result is better than that obtained from traditional method. Therefore, the optimized process is valuable for extraction of lobetyolin from C. pilosula.</p>

Study on homologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells in repairing peri-tubular capillary cluster / 中国中西医结合杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To investigate the potential effect of homologous bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) on repairing peri-tubular capillary cluster (PTCC), and on improving renal tubular and mesenchymal hypoxia condition.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Monocyte was purified from bone marrow, amplified and identified as MSCs in vitro. Thirty female Wistar rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, the normal control group (Group A), MSCs transplanted group (Group B) and un-transplanted group (Group C). Rats in Group A was administered with drinking water by gastrogavage for 12 weeks, while those in Group B and C were administered with Aristolochia Decoction for 12 weeks to establish chronic aristolochic acid nephropathy (CAAN) model. At the end of the 12th week, 1 ml of MSCs was injected through caudal vein to the rats in Group B, while to those in Group A and C normal saline was injected instead. Blood, urine and kidney tissue of rats were collected at the end of the 16th week for examination, and their kidney tissue were made into serial section for determining the distribution of Y chromosome and CD34 double positive cells, and the pathological, immunohistochemical changes were observed using Western blotting and RT-PCR, etc.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Y chromosome and CD34 double positive cells could be seen in MSCs transplanted renal tissue in group B. At the end of the 16th week, the PTCC density in Group C and B was (26.47 +/- 1.56)/ 0.13 mm2 and (5.26 +/- 0.78)/0.13 mm2 respectively, and the IOD value of hypoxia inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) in them was (6.74 +/- 0.67) x 10(3) and (25 27 +/- 1.46) x 10(3) respectively, all showing significant difference between the two groups (P < 0.01). The content of CD34 was higher in Group B than that in Group C (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Homologous MSCs can enhance the vascular endothelial cells differentiation to repair the PTCC, thus to improve the renal tubular and mesenchymal hypoxia status.</p>